School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2012 Dec;23(6):884-9. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2012.07.002. Epub 2012 Aug 10.
At present, resource recovery by irrigation of wastewater to plants is usually driven by the value of the water resource rather than phosphorus recovery. Expanded irrigation for increased phosphorus recovery may be expected as the scarcity and price of phosphorus increases, but providing the necessary treatment, storage and conveyance comes at significant expense. An alternative to taking the wastewater to the plants is instead to take the plants to the wastewater. Algal ponds and macrophyte wetlands are already in widespread use for wastewater treatment and if harvested, would require less than one-tenth of the area to recover phosphorus compared to terrestrial crops/pastures. This area could be further decreased if the phosphorus content of the macrophytes and algae biomass was tripled from 1% to 3% via luxury uptake. While this and many other opportunities for plant based recovery of phosphorus exist, e.g. offshore cultivation, much of this technology development is still in its infancy. Research that enhances our understanding of how to maximise phosphorus uptake and harvest yields; and further add value to the biomass for reuse would see the recovery of phosphorus via plants become an important solution in the future.
目前，通过灌溉废水来回收资源通常是由水资源的价值驱动的，而不是磷的回收。随着磷的稀缺性和价格的增加，预计会扩大灌溉以增加磷的回收，但提供必要的处理、储存和输送会带来巨大的成本。替代将废水输送到工厂的方法是将植物带到废水处理厂。藻类池塘和大型湿地已经广泛用于废水处理，如果进行收获，与陆生作物/牧场相比，回收磷所需的面积不到十分之一。如果通过奢侈吸收将大型植物和藻类生物质中的磷含量从 1%增加到 3%，则可以进一步减少这一面积。虽然存在许多基于植物的回收磷的机会，例如近海种植，但这项技术的开发仍处于起步阶段。研究加强了我们对如何最大限度地吸收磷和提高收获产量的理解，并进一步提高生物质的再利用价值，这将使通过植物回收磷成为未来的一个重要解决方案。
