Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Ophthalmology Department, Queen's Hospital, Rom Valley Road, Romford, Essex RM7 0AG, United Kingdom.
Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2012 Dec;35(6):247-59. doi: 10.1016/j.clae.2012.07.005. Epub 2012 Aug 11.
Eye cosmetics such as mascara, eye shadow and eyeliner are used extensively to highlight the eyes, and are normally applied external to the ocular surface. Adverse reactions of cosmetics within the ocular surface include mild discomfort, eyelid dermatitis, pre-corneal tear film instability, and keratitis. These are attributed mainly to the preservative (benzalkonium chloride (BAC)) constituent of cosmetic product material (CPM). Transport of CPM from an external environment to any location on the ocular surface, essentially precedes the adverse interactions occurring at the location, and the control of these transport modes is therefore of clinical relevance. The inter-transport of CPM across the TF occurs due to both diffusion and drift processes. Diffusion of neutral species is driven by concentration gradients, and the drift of cationic BAC is influenced by the inherent electric field; determined by the distribution of the various ions secreted into the aqueous layer, and the negative glycocalyx charge at the mucin layer. In the presence of mucin deficiency, the corneal epithelium is exposed to invasion by both incident BAC and lipophilic species. The transport of cationic BAC across the TF may be controlled by regulating the secretion of various electrolytes at the lacrimal gland. This is of clinical significance in reducing corneal epithelial adverse effects. However, the risks of adverse effects at the corneal surface due to invasion by the lipophilic species remain. Patients with mucin deficiency, and especially those on eye ointment/drops medication, should be discouraged from using cosmetics in a way likely to contaminate the TF.
眼部化妆品如睫毛膏、眼影和眼线笔被广泛用于突出眼睛，通常应用于眼表面外部。化妆品在眼表面的不良反应包括轻度不适、眼睑性皮炎、预角膜泪膜不稳定和角膜炎。这些主要归因于化妆品产品材料（CPM）中的防腐剂（苯扎氯铵（BAC））成分。CPM 从外部环境向眼表面任何位置的运输，基本上先于发生在该位置的不良反应，因此控制这些运输模式具有临床相关性。CPM 在 TF 中的相互运输是由于扩散和漂移过程。中性物质的扩散是由浓度梯度驱动的，阳离子 BAC 的漂移受固有电场的影响；固有电场由分泌到水层中的各种离子的分布以及粘蛋白层中的负糖萼电荷决定。在粘蛋白缺乏的情况下，角膜上皮暴露于入射的 BAC 和亲脂性物质的侵袭。阳离子 BAC 跨 TF 的运输可以通过调节泪腺中各种电解质的分泌来控制。这对于减少角膜上皮的不良反应具有临床意义。然而，亲脂性物质侵袭导致角膜表面不良反应的风险仍然存在。粘蛋白缺乏的患者，特别是那些使用眼膏/滴眼药物的患者，应劝阻其使用可能污染 TF 的化妆品。
