Krzesinski J-M, Saint-Remy A
Université de Liège, Belgique.
Rev Med Liege. 2012 May-Jun;67(5-6):279-85.
Essential hypertension, defined as a blood pressure equal to or above 140/90 mmHg, is a common (25% of the population), but complex disease the phenotype of which results from interactions between numerous genes and environmental factors. The role attributable to genetic factors amounts to some 25% among hypertensive families, but can reach 65% when monozygotic twins are compared. In the present state of our knowledge, there is no hope to obtain a genetic test of value for the diagnosis and prognosis of hypertension. An individualized environmental approach, applied early in life, is the only worhtwhile attitude. Nonetheless, in the presence of a subject with still normal blood pressure values, but with a family history of hypertension, the physician should firmly recommend an appropriate hygieno-dietetic lifestyle with a view to lower blood pressure, or retard the development of arterial hypertension
原发性高血压定义为血压等于或高于140/90 mmHg，是一种常见疾病（占人口的25%），但却是一种复杂疾病，其表型由众多基因与环境因素相互作用产生。在高血压家族中，遗传因素所占比例约为25%，但在比较同卵双胞胎时，这一比例可达65%。就我们目前的知识水平而言，尚无希望获得对高血压诊断和预后有价值的基因检测。在生命早期采用个性化的环境干预方法是唯一值得采取的态度。尽管如此，对于血压值仍正常但有高血压家族史的个体，医生应坚决建议采取适当的卫生饮食生活方式，以降低血压或延缓动脉高血压的发展。
