School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2012 Oct;27(5):473-80. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X12001173. Epub 2012 Aug 14.
Mobile health care technology (mHealth) has the potential to improve communication and clinical information management in disasters. This study reviews the literature on health care and computing published in the past five years to determine the types and efficacy of mobile applications available to disaster medicine, along with lessons learned. Five types of applications are identified: (1) disaster scene management; (2) remote monitoring of casualties; (3) medical image transmission (teleradiology); (4) decision support applications; and (5) field hospital information technology (IT) systems. Most projects have not yet reached the deployment stage, but evaluation exercises show that mHealth should allow faster processing and transport of patients, improved accuracy of triage and better monitoring of unattended patients at a disaster scene. Deployments of teleradiology and field hospital IT systems to disaster zones suggest that mHealth can improve resource allocation and patient care. The key problems include suitability of equipment for use in disaster zones and providing sufficient training to ensure staff familiarity with complex equipment. Future research should focus on providing unbiased observations of the use of mHealth in disaster medicine.
移动医疗保健技术（mHealth）有可能改善灾害中的沟通和临床信息管理。本研究回顾了过去五年中在医疗保健和计算领域发表的文献，以确定可用于灾害医学的移动应用程序的类型和效果，以及从中吸取的经验教训。确定了五种类型的应用程序：（1）灾难现场管理；（2）伤员远程监测；（3）医疗图像传输（远程放射学）；（4）决策支持应用程序；以及（5）野战医院信息技术（IT）系统。大多数项目尚未进入部署阶段，但评估演习表明，mHealth 应该允许更快地处理和运输患者，提高分诊的准确性，并更好地监测灾难现场无人照管的患者。远程放射学和野战医院 IT 系统在灾区的部署表明，mHealth 可以改善资源分配和患者护理。关键问题包括设备是否适合在灾区使用，以及提供足够的培训以确保工作人员熟悉复杂的设备。未来的研究应侧重于提供对 mHealth 在灾害医学中使用的无偏见观察。
