Cruz Mariana Sodario, Lima Maria Cristina Pereira, Santos Jair Licio Ferreira, Duarte Yeda Aparecida de Oliveira, Lebrão Maria Lucia, Ramos-Cerqueira Ana Teresa de Abreu
Polo Universitário de Nova Friburgo, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2012 Aug;28(8):1479-92. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2012000800007.
This article describes the prevalence of self-reported hearing loss in an elderly population in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, and associated factors, based on a cross-sectional descriptive and quantitative study. The sample consisted of individuals over 65 years of age selected from census tracts in two stages, with replacement and probability proportional to the population 75 years of age or older. Statistical analysis used Stata 10 with weighted data, Rao-Scott test, and backward stepwise Poisson regression. 1,115 elders were interviewed. Prevalence of self-reported hearing loss was 30.4%, and higher levels were associated with age over 75 years, male gender, self-reported musculoskeletal conditions, dizziness, visual impairment, and difficulty using the telephone. Increased knowledge of factors associated with hearing loss would support public policies on hearing. The high prevalence found in this study underlines the importance of addressing this issue among the elderly.
本文基于一项横断面描述性定量研究，介绍了巴西圣保罗市老年人群中自我报告的听力损失患病率及相关因素。样本由65岁以上的个体组成，分两个阶段从人口普查区中选取，采用放回抽样且概率与75岁及以上人口成比例。统计分析使用Stata 10软件对加权数据进行，采用Rao-Scott检验和向后逐步泊松回归。共采访了1115名老年人。自我报告的听力损失患病率为30.4%，较高水平与75岁以上年龄、男性、自我报告的肌肉骨骼疾病、头晕、视力障碍以及使用电话困难有关。对听力损失相关因素的了解增加将有助于制定听力方面的公共政策。本研究中发现的高患病率凸显了在老年人中解决这一问题的重要性。
