Bortell Rita, Yang Chaoxing
Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2012;933:31-44. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-068-7_3.
The BB rat is an important rodent model of human type 1 diabetes (T1D) and has been used to study mechanisms of diabetes pathogenesis as well as to investigate potential intervention therapies for clinical trials. The Diabetes-Prone BB (BBDP) rat spontaneously develops autoimmune T1D between 50 and 90 days of age. The Diabetes-Resistant BB (BBDR) rat has similar diabetes-susceptible genes as the BBDP, but does not become diabetic in viral antibody-free conditions. However, the BBDR rat can be induced to develop T1D in response to certain treatments such as regulatory T cell (T(reg)) depletion, toll-like receptor ligation, or virus infection. These diabetes-inducible rats develop hyperglycemia under well-controlled circumstances and within a short, predictable time frame (14-21 days), thus facilitating their utility for investigations of specific stages of diabetes development. Therefore, these rat strains are invaluable models for studying autoimmune diabetes and the role of environmental factors in its development, of particular importance due to the influx of studies associating virus infection and human T1D.
BB大鼠是人类1型糖尿病（T1D）的重要啮齿动物模型，已被用于研究糖尿病发病机制以及调查潜在的临床试验干预疗法。糖尿病易感性BB（BBDP）大鼠在50至90日龄之间自发发展为自身免疫性T1D。糖尿病抗性BB（BBDR）大鼠与BBDP具有相似的糖尿病易感基因，但在无病毒抗体的条件下不会患糖尿病。然而，BBDR大鼠可通过某些治疗（如调节性T细胞（T(reg)）耗竭、Toll样受体连接或病毒感染）诱导发展为T1D。这些糖尿病诱导大鼠在良好控制的情况下，在短时间内（14 - 21天）且可预测的时间框架内发展为高血糖，从而便于其用于研究糖尿病发展的特定阶段。因此，这些大鼠品系是研究自身免疫性糖尿病以及环境因素在其发展中的作用的宝贵模型，由于将病毒感染与人类T1D相关联的研究大量涌现，其尤为重要。
