切断胰腺癌“燃料”供应的概念性框架。

Conceptual framework for cutting the pancreatic cancer fuel supply.

机构信息

Departments of Pathology and Oncology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

出版信息

Clin Cancer Res. 2012 Aug 15;18(16):4285-90. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-0041.

Abstract

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (a.k.a. pancreatic cancer) remains one of the most feared and clinically challenging diseases to treat despite continual improvements in therapies. The genetic landscape of pancreatic cancer shows near ubiquitous activating mutations of KRAS, and recurrent inactivating mutations of CDKN2A, SMAD4, and TP53. To date, attempts to develop agents to target KRAS to specifically kill cancer cells have been disappointing. In this regard, an understanding of cellular metabolic derangements in pancreatic cancer could lead to novel therapeutic approaches. Like other cancers, pancreatic cancer cells rely on fuel sources for homeostasis and proliferation; as such, interrupting the use of two major nutrients, glucose and glutamine, may provide new therapeutic avenues. In addition, KRAS-mutant pancreatic cancers have been documented to depend on autophagy, and the inhibition of autophagy in the preclinical setting has shown promise. Herein, the conceptual framework for blocking the pancreatic fuel supply is reviewed.

摘要

胰腺导管腺癌(也称为胰腺癌)仍然是最令人恐惧和最具临床挑战性的疾病之一,尽管治疗方法不断改进。胰腺癌的遗传图谱显示 KRAS 几乎普遍存在激活突变,以及 CDKN2A、SMAD4 和 TP53 的反复失活突变。迄今为止,开发靶向 KRAS 以专门杀死癌细胞的药物的尝试令人失望。在这方面,对胰腺癌细胞中细胞代谢紊乱的理解可能会导致新的治疗方法。与其他癌症一样,胰腺癌细胞依赖于燃料来源来维持体内平衡和增殖;因此,中断两种主要营养素葡萄糖和谷氨酰胺的使用可能会提供新的治疗途径。此外,已经有文献记录 KRAS 突变型胰腺癌依赖于自噬,并且在临床前环境中抑制自噬已显示出前景。本文综述了阻断胰腺燃料供应的概念框架。

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