Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi Institute for Drug Research, Tehran, Iran.
Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2012 Oct;12(10):1323-34. doi: 10.1517/14712598.2012.707179. Epub 2012 Aug 16.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic gastrointestinal (GI) tract disorder with significant disability and a considerable financial burden to health service due to the consumption of resources including investigations, physician time, and cost of treatment. Despite availability of multiple treatment options, there is still poor functional recovery.
Probiotics has been investigated as a promising treatment for IBS, and have demonstrated beneficial effects in some patients. There are many clinical trials investigating the therapeutic benefits of probiotics in IBS but most of them are heterogenic in terms of dose or species used and clinical endpoints. However, recent major meta-analyses revealed benefits of probiotics in patients with IBS. Inhibition of binding of pathogenic bacteria to intestinal epithelial cells, enhancing barrier function of intestinal epithelial, acidification of the colon, suppression of the growth of pathogens, modulation of immunity, inhibition of visceral hypersensitivity, alteration in mucosal response to stress, and improvement of bowel dysmotility are among mechanisms that probiotics may act. Most commonly used probiotics come from the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus but other species are in trial.
Although further studies are still needed, current evidences are almost enough to convince experts that probiotics are efficient in the treatment of IBS.
肠易激综合征（IBS）是一种常见的慢性胃肠道（GI）疾病，由于包括检查、医生时间和治疗费用在内的资源消耗，导致其对卫生服务造成了巨大的经济负担，同时也给患者带来了巨大的残疾。尽管有多种治疗选择，但功能恢复仍然很差。
益生菌已被研究作为 IBS 的一种有前途的治疗方法，并已在一些患者中显示出有益的效果。有许多临床试验研究益生菌对 IBS 的治疗益处，但大多数试验在剂量或使用的物种以及临床终点方面存在异质性。然而，最近的主要荟萃分析显示益生菌对 IBS 患者有益。益生菌可能通过以下机制发挥作用：抑制致病菌与肠道上皮细胞的结合，增强肠道上皮的屏障功能，酸化结肠，抑制病原体的生长，调节免疫，抑制内脏敏感性，改变黏膜对压力的反应，以及改善肠道运动功能障碍。最常用的益生菌来自双歧杆菌属和乳杆菌属，但其他物种也在试验中。
尽管仍需要进一步的研究，但目前的证据几乎足以让专家相信益生菌对 IBS 的治疗有效。
