Telethon Institute for Child Health Research and Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2012 Dec;11(12):1788-96. doi: 10.1039/c2pp25108f.
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from sunlight is immunomodulatory and the main source of vitamin D for humans. Vitamin D can also regulate adaptive immunity, through mechanisms that involve the induction or activation of regulatory T cells. Similar mechanisms have also been proposed for the induction of regulatory T cells after skin exposure to UVR. Here we discuss the converging and diverging immunoregulatory pathways of UVR and vitamin D, including the molecular pathways for regulatory T cell induction, non-genomic pathways regulated by vitamin D, antimicrobial peptides, skin integrity and potential interactions between vitamin D and other UVR-induced mediators. We then discuss possible in vivo approaches that could be used to demonstrate a direct (or otherwise) role for vitamin D in mediating the immunosuppressive effects of UVR such as the use of dietary vitamin D restriction to induce vitamin D deficiency, gene knockout mice or drugs to block enzymes of vitamin D metabolism. We end with discussion of the epigenetic effects of vitamin D and UVR for immunosuppression.
阳光中的紫外线辐射（UVR）具有免疫调节作用，也是人类维生素 D 的主要来源。维生素 D 还可以通过诱导或激活调节性 T 细胞来调节适应性免疫。皮肤暴露于 UVR 后诱导调节性 T 细胞也存在类似的机制。在这里，我们讨论了 UVR 和维生素 D 的趋同和发散的免疫调节途径，包括调节性 T 细胞诱导的分子途径、维生素 D 调节的非基因组途径、抗菌肽、皮肤完整性以及维生素 D 与其他 UVR 诱导的介质之间的潜在相互作用。然后，我们讨论了可能用于证明维生素 D 在介导 UVR 的免疫抑制作用中的直接（或其他）作用的体内方法，例如使用饮食限制维生素 D 来诱导维生素 D 缺乏、基因敲除小鼠或药物来阻断维生素 D 代谢的酶。最后，我们讨论了维生素 D 和 UVR 对免疫抑制的表观遗传作用。
