Shah Shweta, Sharma Shweta, Gupta M N
Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110 016, India.
Indian J Biochem Biophys. 2003 Dec;40(6):392-9.
Biodiesel consists monoalkyl esters of long chain fatty acids. It is produced from vegetable oils or fats either by chemical transesterification or by lipase-catalyzed transesterification with methanol or ethanol. Biodiesel is a green fuel and can be used as a blend with diesel or alone. Either way, it does not require any modification in engine design or storage facilities. The enzymatic process offers several advantages over the chemical routes. The handicap of increase in process cost because of the cost of the enzyme can be overcome by using efficient production process for enzyme and using reusable derivatives of enzymes, such as immobilized enzyme. Numerous strategies available in the area of non-aqueous enzymology can be exploited during the enzymatic alcoholysis for biodiesel production. Some of the technical challenges and their possible solutions are also discussed.
生物柴油由长链脂肪酸的单烷基酯组成。它是通过化学酯交换反应或用甲醇或乙醇进行脂肪酶催化的酯交换反应从植物油或脂肪中生产出来的。生物柴油是一种绿色燃料，可以与柴油混合使用或单独使用。无论哪种方式，它都不需要对发动机设计或储存设施进行任何修改。与化学方法相比，酶促过程具有几个优点。由于酶的成本导致的加工成本增加这一障碍，可以通过使用高效的酶生产工艺和使用酶的可重复使用衍生物（如固定化酶）来克服。在酶促醇解生产生物柴油的过程中，可以利用非水酶学领域中可用的众多策略。还讨论了一些技术挑战及其可能的解决方案。
