Hozack W J, Cole P A, Gardner R, Corces A
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
J Arthroplasty. 1990 Dec;5(4):301-5. doi: 10.1016/s0883-5403(08)80087-3.
Vascular complications after total knee arthroplasty include arterial occlusion, arterial severance, arteriovenous fistula, and arterial aneurysm. Both a false aneurysm and a true aneurysm of the popliteal artery are described. The false popliteal aneurysm resulted from direct surgical trauma and required excision and repair. The true popliteal aneurysm was unsuccessfully treated with excision, transfemoral thrombectomy, and bypass surgery. Many of the vascular complications after total knee arthroplasty may be preventable and the following prudent guidelines are suggested. Careful preoperative evaluation is critical, including past medical history, palpation of pedal pulses, and review of radiographs to identify abnormal calcification in the vessels. Vascular consultation may be necessary. Should a vascular complication occur, immediate intervention with the advice and assistance of a vascular surgeon is imperative.
全膝关节置换术后的血管并发症包括动脉闭塞、动脉切断、动静脉瘘和动脉动脉瘤。文中描述了腘动脉的假性动脉瘤和真性动脉瘤。腘动脉假性动脉瘤由直接手术创伤引起，需要切除和修复。腘动脉真性动脉瘤经切除、经股动脉血栓切除术和搭桥手术治疗未成功。全膝关节置换术后的许多血管并发症是可以预防的，现提出以下审慎的指导原则。术前仔细评估至关重要，包括既往病史、触诊足背动脉搏动以及复查X线片以识别血管中的异常钙化。可能需要进行血管会诊。一旦发生血管并发症，必须在血管外科医生的建议和协助下立即进行干预。
