Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Water Res. 2012 Nov 1;46(17):5575-5582. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.07.043. Epub 2012 Aug 1.
The widespread presence of fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs) in natural ecosystems is a health hazard for humans and other living organisms. The role of sunlight in degrading FQs present in environmental waters has been studied. In particular, the photodegradation of four largely employed FQs, viz. Ciprofloxacin (CIP), Danofloxacin (DAN), Levofloxacin (LEV) and Moxifloxacin (MOX) has been studied in not tampered river water. Degradation rates have been investigated at ppb levels (20-50 μg L(-1)) under solar light, and the results have been commented critically. The products distribution has been studied by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis and structures have been attributed on the basis of their mass fragmentation spectra. Importantly from the environmental point of view, the (potentially toxic) FQ nucleus remained intact over the early stages of the degradation. Indeed, the photoproducts were proved to possess residual antibacterial activity, as shown from in vitro antibacterial activity tests against different well characterized human and environmental bacterial strains, carried out on the above FQs, as well as for Enrofloxacin (ENR) and Marbofloxacin (MAR).
氟喹诺酮类抗生素（FQs）在自然生态系统中的广泛存在对人类和其他生物构成了健康威胁。已经研究了阳光在降解环境水中存在的 FQs 方面的作用。特别是，在未受干扰的河水中研究了四种广泛使用的 FQs（环丙沙星[CIP]、丹诺氟沙星[DAN]、左氧氟沙星[LEV]和莫西沙星[MOX]）的光降解。在 ppb 水平（20-50μg L(-1)) 下，在太阳光下研究了降解速率，并对结果进行了批判性评论。通过 HPLC-ESI-MS/MS 分析研究了产物分布，并根据其质量碎裂谱赋予了结构。从环境角度来看，重要的是（潜在有毒）FQ 核在降解的早期阶段保持完整。事实上，光产物被证明具有残留的抗菌活性，如通过针对不同特征良好的人和环境细菌菌株进行的体外抗菌活性测试所示，对上述 FQs 以及恩诺沙星（ENR）和马波沙星（MAR）进行了测试。
