Mazzarella Elisabetta, Hamilton Antonia, Trojano Luigi, Mastromauro Bianca, Conson Massimiliano
Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2012;65(12):2447-60. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2012.697905. Epub 2012 Aug 17.
In the present paper, we investigated whether observation of bodily cues-that is, hand action and eye gaze-can modulate the onlooker's visual perspective taking. Participants were presented with scenes of an actor gazing at an object (or straight ahead) and grasping an object (or not) in a 2 × 2 factorial design and a control condition with no actor in the scene. In Experiment 1, two groups of subjects were explicitly required to judge the left/right location of the target from their own (egocentric group) or the actor's (allocentric group) point of view, whereas in Experiment 2 participants did not receive any instruction on the point of view to assume. In both experiments, allocentric coding (i.e., the actor's point of view) was triggered when the actor grasped the target, but not when he gazed towards it, or when he adopted a neutral posture. In Experiment 3, we demonstrate that the actor's gaze but not action affected participants' attention orienting. The different effects of others' grasping and eye gaze on observers' behaviour demonstrated that specific bodily cues convey distinctive information about other people's intentions.
在本论文中，我们研究了对身体线索（即手部动作和目光注视）的观察是否能够调节旁观者的视觉视角采择。参与者被呈现一个2×2析因设计的场景，其中演员注视着一个物体（或直视前方）并抓取一个物体（或不抓取），还有一个场景中没有演员的对照条件。在实验1中，两组受试者被明确要求从他们自己的视角（自我中心组）或演员的视角（异我中心组）判断目标的左右位置，而在实验2中，参与者没有收到关于应采取何种视角的任何指示。在两个实验中，当演员抓取目标时会触发异我中心编码（即演员的视角），但当他看向目标时，或当他采取中立姿势时则不会。在实验3中，我们证明演员的目光而非动作影响了参与者的注意力定向。他人的抓取和目光注视对观察者行为的不同影响表明，特定的身体线索传达了关于他人意图的独特信息。
