From the Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee.
J Clin Psychiatry. 2012 Jul;73(7):e23. doi: 10.4088/JCP.11093nr1c.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease that causes disability due to inflammation and demyelination in the central nervous system. Pain is a common symptom in patients with MS but is often inadequately treated, leading to decreased functioning and a low quality of life. Pain associated with MS includes central neuropathic pain due to lesions of the somatosensory system, and nociceptive pain due to spasticity, muscle tightness or contracture, abnormal gait and postures caused by MS, or treatment-related pain. Patient education, physical therapy, and pharmacotherapy can all be helpful in treating the painful symptoms of MS. Tricyclic antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and opioids are first-line options for central neuropathic pain, and spasmolytics, muscle relaxants, benzodiazepines, and anticonvulsants are helpful for nociceptive pain. Pain should be regularly assessed and appropriately treated to improve functioning and quality of life for patients with MS.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种慢性疾病，由于中枢神经系统的炎症和脱髓鞘而导致残疾。疼痛是 MS 患者的常见症状，但往往治疗不足，导致功能下降和生活质量降低。与 MS 相关的疼痛包括由于躯体感觉系统损伤引起的中枢神经性疼痛，以及由于痉挛、肌肉紧张或挛缩、由 MS 引起的异常步态和姿势，或与治疗相关的疼痛引起的伤害感受性疼痛。患者教育、物理治疗和药物治疗都有助于治疗 MS 的疼痛症状。三环类抗抑郁药、抗惊厥药和阿片类药物是治疗中枢神经性疼痛的一线选择，而肌肉松弛剂、苯二氮䓬类药物和抗惊厥药对伤害感受性疼痛有帮助。应定期评估疼痛并进行适当治疗，以改善 MS 患者的功能和生活质量。
