Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Sealy Center on Aging, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Institute for Translational Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Sealy Center on Aging, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Institute for Translational Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2013 Dec;23 Suppl 1(0 1):S44-50. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2012.03.013. Epub 2012 Aug 17.
Sarcopenia, the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with aging, is a major contributor to frailty and morbidity in older adults. Recent evidence has emerged suggesting that endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance of muscle protein metabolism may significantly contribute to the development of sarcopenia. In this article we review: 1) recent studies and theories on the regulation of skeletal muscle protein balance in older adults; 2) the link between insulin resistance of muscle protein synthesis and endothelial dysfunction in aging; 3) mechanisms for impaired endothelial responsiveness in aging; and 4) potential treatments that may restore the endothelial responsiveness and muscle protein anabolic sensitivity in older adults.
肌肉减少症是随着年龄增长而发生的骨骼肌质量和功能丧失，是导致老年人虚弱和发病的主要原因。最近的证据表明，内皮功能障碍和肌肉蛋白质代谢的胰岛素抵抗可能对肌肉减少症的发展有重要贡献。本文综述了：1）老年人骨骼肌蛋白质平衡调节的最新研究和理论；2）肌肉蛋白合成的胰岛素抵抗与衰老过程中内皮功能障碍之间的联系；3）衰老过程中内皮反应性受损的机制；4）可能恢复老年人内皮反应性和肌肉蛋白质合成敏感性的潜在治疗方法。
