Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Aug 28;109(35):14046-51. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1212381109. Epub 2012 Aug 16.
Analyses of how environmental factors influence the biogeographic structure of biotas are essential for understanding the processes underlying global diversity patterns and for predicting large-scale biotic responses to global change. Here we show that the large-scale geographic structure of shallow-marine benthic faunas, defined by existing biogeographic schemes, can be predicted with 89-100% accuracy by a few readily available oceanographic variables; temperature alone can predict 53-99% of the present-day structure along coastlines. The same set of variables is also strongly correlated with spatial changes in species compositions of bivalves, a major component of the benthic marine biota, at the 1° grid-cell resolution. These analyses demonstrate the central role of coastal oceanography in structuring benthic marine biogeography and suggest that a few environmental variables may be sufficient to model the response of marine biogeographic structure to past and future changes in climate.
分析环境因素如何影响生物区系的生物地理结构对于理解全球多样性模式背后的过程以及预测生物对全球变化的大规模响应至关重要。在这里，我们表明，现有的生物地理区划方案所定义的浅海海底动物群的大尺度地理结构可以通过少数现成的海洋变量以 89-100%的准确度来预测；仅温度就可以沿海岸线预测 53-99%的现代结构。同一组变量也与双壳类动物（海底海洋生物的主要组成部分）的物种组成的空间变化具有很强的相关性，其空间分辨率为 1°网格单元。这些分析表明，沿海海洋学在构建海底海洋生物地理学结构方面起着核心作用，并表明少数环境变量可能足以模拟海洋生物地理结构对过去和未来气候变化的响应。
