Department of Psychology, Northern IllinoisUniversity, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA.
Emotion. 2013 Feb;13(1):47-63. doi: 10.1037/a0029536. Epub 2012 Aug 20.
Subdisciplines within psychology frequently examine self-regulation from different frameworks despite conceptually similar definitions of constructs. In the current study, similarities and differences between effortful control, based on the psychobiological model of temperament (Rothbart, Derryberry, & Posner, 1994), and executive functioning are examined and empirically tested in three studies (n = 509). Structural equation modeling indicated that effortful control and executive functioning are strongly associated and overlapping constructs (Study 1). Additionally, results indicated that effortful control is related to the executive function of updating/monitoring information in working memory, but not inhibition (Studies 2 and 3). Study 3 also demonstrates that better updating/monitoring information in working memory and better effortful control were uniquely linked to lower dispositional negative affect, whereas the executive function of low/poor inhibition was uniquely associated with an increased tendency to express negative affect. Furthermore, dispositional negative affect mediated the links between effortful control and, separately, the executive function of updating/monitoring information in working memory and the tendency to express negative affect. The theoretical implications of these findings are discussed, and a potential framework for guiding future work directed at integrating and differentiating aspects of self-regulation is suggested.
心理学的子学科经常从不同的框架研究自我调节，尽管对结构的概念定义相似。在当前的研究中，基于气质的心理生物模型（Rothbart，Derryberry 和 Posner，1994）的努力控制和执行功能之间的相似性和差异在三项研究中进行了检查和实证检验（n = 509）。结构方程模型表明，努力控制和执行功能具有很强的相关性和重叠结构（研究 1）。此外，结果表明，努力控制与工作记忆中更新/监控信息的执行功能有关，但与抑制无关（研究 2 和 3）。研究 3 还表明，工作记忆中更好地更新/监控信息和更好的努力控制与较低的特质性负面情绪有关，而低/差抑制的执行功能与表达负面情绪的倾向增加有关。此外，特质性负面情绪中介了努力控制与工作记忆中更新/监控信息的执行功能以及表达负面情绪的倾向之间的联系。讨论了这些发现的理论意义，并提出了一个潜在的框架，用于指导未来的工作，以整合和区分自我调节的各个方面。
