Department of Perinatal Medicine, Pregnancy Research Centre, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia.
Fetal Diagn Ther. 2012;32(4):225-30. doi: 10.1159/000339657. Epub 2012 Aug 14.
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is an adverse pregnancy outcome associated with significant perinatal and pediatric morbidity and mortality, and an increased risk of chronic disease later in adult life. While a number of maternal, fetal and environmental factors are known causes of IUGR, the majority of IUGR cases are of unknown cause. These IUGR cases are frequently associated with placental insufficiency, possibly as a result of placental maldevelopment. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of abnormal placental development in IUGR associated with placental insufficiency is therefore of increasing importance. Here, we review our understanding of transcriptional control of normal placental development as well as human IUGR associated with placental insufficiency. We also assess the potential for understanding transcriptional control as a means for revealing new molecular targets for the detection, diagnosis and clinical management of IUGR associated with placental insufficiency.
胎儿宫内生长受限（IUGR）是一种不良的妊娠结局，与围产期和儿科发病率和死亡率显著相关，并且成年后患慢性疾病的风险增加。虽然许多母体、胎儿和环境因素是 IUGR 的已知原因，但大多数 IUGR 病例的原因不明。这些 IUGR 病例常与胎盘功能不全有关，可能是由于胎盘发育不良所致。因此，了解与胎盘功能不全相关的 IUGR 中异常胎盘发育的分子机制变得越来越重要。在这里，我们回顾了我们对正常胎盘发育的转录控制以及与胎盘功能不全相关的人类 IUGR 的理解。我们还评估了理解转录控制作为揭示新的分子靶点的可能性，用于检测、诊断和临床管理与胎盘功能不全相关的 IUGR。
