Murthi Padma, Rajaraman Gayathri, Brennecke Shaun Patrick, Kalionis Bill
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; Pregnancy Research Centre, Department of Perinatal Medicine, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
J Pregnancy. 2011;2011:548171. doi: 10.1155/2011/548171. Epub 2011 Apr 12.
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is an adverse pregnancy outcome associated with significant perinatal and paediatric morbidity and mortality, and an increased risk of chronic disease later in adult life. One of the key causes of adverse pregnancy outcome is fetal growth restriction (FGR). While a number of maternal, fetal, and environmental factors are known causes of FGR, the majority of FGR cases remain idiopathic. These idiopathic FGR pregnancies are frequently associated with placental insufficiency, possibly as a result of placental maldevelopment. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of abnormal placental development in idiopathic FGR is, therefore, of increasing importance. Here, we review our understanding of transcriptional control of normal placental development and abnormal placental development associated with human idiopathic FGR. We also assess the potential for understanding transcriptional control as a means for revealing new molecular targets for the detection, diagnosis, and clinical management of idiopathic FGR.
胎儿生长受限（FGR）是一种不良妊娠结局，与围产期及儿童期的显著发病和死亡相关，且会增加成年后患慢性病的风险。不良妊娠结局的关键原因之一是胎儿生长受限（FGR）。虽然已知多种母体、胎儿及环境因素是FGR的病因，但大多数FGR病例仍为特发性。这些特发性FGR妊娠常与胎盘功能不全相关，可能是胎盘发育异常所致。因此，了解特发性FGR中胎盘发育异常的分子机制变得越发重要。在此，我们综述了对正常胎盘发育以及与人类特发性FGR相关的胎盘发育异常的转录调控的理解。我们还评估了将转录调控作为揭示特发性FGR检测、诊断及临床管理新分子靶点的一种手段的潜力。
