Rabinowitz H K
Department of Family Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Prim Care. 1990 Dec;17(4):793-809.
Upper respiratory tract infections are among the most common acute infections in humans. This review discusses the clinically important aspects of the epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, complications, and prevention of the common cold, pharyngitis, otitis media, and sinusitis. Most episodes of the common cold and pharyngitis are of viral origin, and curative therapy is not available. Streptococcal pharyngitis, acute otitis media, and sinusitis are secondary to bacterial infections, and antibiotic therapy is important.
上呼吸道感染是人类最常见的急性感染之一。本综述讨论了普通感冒、咽炎、中耳炎和鼻窦炎在流行病学、病因、临床表现、诊断、治疗、并发症及预防等方面的临床重要内容。大多数普通感冒和咽炎发作源于病毒,尚无治愈性疗法。链球菌性咽炎、急性中耳炎和鼻窦炎继发于细菌感染,抗生素治疗很重要。