Ringer C, Blaser A, Thommen M, Heim E
Psychiatrische Universitätspoliklinik Bern, Schweiz.
Psychother Psychosom. 1990;53(1-4):119-22. doi: 10.1159/000288352.
The therapeutic concept is problem- and patient-oriented. In analogy to it the didactic concept is problem- and therapist-oriented. The essential point is learning in groups from practical cases. Problem-oriented in this context means that the problems-solving process in which the patient and the therapist are engaged is supported by the observer group. Therapist-oriented means that the learning process should take account of the different preferences and experiences of the therapists. That can only be accomplished by problem-oriented learning. Each psychotherapy training group consists of 4 assistant doctors and a supervisor and stays together about 1 year. The strongly structured concept of problem-oriented therapy (POT) [Blaser et al., 1988] offers the beginner a framework by which he can guide the dialogue with the patient. The eclecticism of POT allows the more experienced therapist to try out new methods without losing track of the problem. The constantly changing role of being observer or therapist supports the group coherence, and furthermore it promotes an important element of therapeutic competence, the ability to get into a close relation with the patient and at the same time being able to observe oneself, the patient and the therapeutic process from a more distant view. In addition to the POT training group tutorials in special psychotherapy methods and single supervision sessions are offered.
治疗理念是以问题和患者为导向的。与之类似，教学理念是以问题和治疗师为导向的。关键在于通过小组形式从实际案例中学习。在此背景下，以问题为导向意味着患者和治疗师参与的问题解决过程得到观察组的支持。以治疗师为导向意味着学习过程应考虑治疗师的不同偏好和经验。这只能通过以问题为导向的学习来实现。每个心理治疗培训小组由4名助理医生和1名督导组成，在一起大约待1年。结构严谨的问题导向治疗（POT）概念[布拉泽等人，1988年]为初学者提供了一个框架，使其能够指导与患者的对话。POT的折衷主义使经验更丰富的治疗师能够尝试新方法，同时又不会忽略问题。不断变换作为观察者或治疗师的角色有助于增强小组凝聚力，此外，它还促进了治疗能力的一个重要要素，即与患者建立密切关系的能力，同时又能从更客观的角度观察自己、患者和治疗过程。除了POT培训小组外，还提供特殊心理治疗方法的辅导课程和个别督导环节。
