Luborsky L
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.
Psychother Psychosom. 1990;53(1-4):50-7. doi: 10.1159/000288340.
Three principles of curative factors in dynamic psychotherapy are reviewed: (1) Achieving a helping relationship; (2) achieving self-understanding, and (3) maintaining the gains. A new development in psychotherapy research is illustrated: the creation of operational measures that relate to the curative factors: the therapeutic alliance, the transference, accuracy of interpreting the transference, insight, change in transference and psychiatric severity. Such operational measures can be reliably estimated from psychotherapy sessions because they specify what each measure represents. A special format for training therapists to foster these curative factors is presented called 'group training in supervision of psychotherapy'.
（1）建立帮助关系；（2）实现自我理解；（3）巩固治疗成果。阐述了心理治疗研究中的一项新进展：创建与治疗因素相关的操作性测量方法，即治疗联盟、移情、对移情解释的准确性、洞察力、移情变化和精神疾病严重程度。这些操作性测量方法可以从心理治疗会话中可靠地估计出来，因为它们明确了每项测量方法的含义。提出了一种培训治疗师以培养这些治疗因素的特殊形式，称为“心理治疗督导小组培训”。
