Centre for Stem Cell Research, Wellcome Trust and Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK.
Development. 2012 Sep;139(18):3301-5. doi: 10.1242/dev.083675.
Haploid embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have recently been derived from parthenogenetic mouse embryos and offer new possibilities for genetic screens. The ability of haploid ESCs to give rise to a wide range of differentiated cell types in the embryo and in vitro has been demonstrated. However, it has remained unclear whether haploid ESCs can contribute to the germline. Here, we show that parthenogenetic haploid ESCs at high passage have robust germline competence enabling the production of transgenic mouse strains from genetically modified haploid ESCs. We also show that differentiation of haploid ESCs in the embryo correlates with the gain of a diploid karyotype and that diploidisation is the result of endoreduplication and not cell fusion. By contrast, we find that a haploid karyotype is maintained when differentiation to an extra-embryonic fate is forced by induction of Gata6.
孤雄胚胎干细胞（ESCs）最近已从孤雌生殖的小鼠胚胎中分离出来，并为遗传筛选提供了新的可能性。孤雄 ESC 能够在胚胎和体外产生广泛的分化细胞类型的能力已经得到证明。然而，孤雄 ESC 是否能够参与生殖系仍不清楚。在这里，我们表明，高传代的孤雄 ESCs 具有强大的生殖系能力，能够从遗传修饰的孤雄 ESCs 中产生转基因小鼠品系。我们还表明，胚胎中孤雄 ESC 的分化与获得二倍体核型相关，而二倍体化是内复制的结果，而不是细胞融合。相比之下，我们发现当通过诱导 Gata6 强制分化为胚胎外命运时，保持了单倍体核型。
