Reuther J F
Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund-, Kiefer-, Gesichtschirurgie der Universität Würzburg.
Z Gerontol. 1990 Nov-Dec;23(6):311-7.
Intraoral and perioral tissues demonstrate exemplary age-related atrophic changes that are due to endogenous factors, as well as to exogenic damage. Age-related physiological changes in intraoral mucosa, salivary glands, tongue, musculature, and the nerve system are discussed. Pathological changes in the mucosa, especially the different types of leukoplakia are demonstrated; they play a crucial role in the early diagnosis of intraoral cancer. The development of intraoral cancer is very much related with age. Age-related changes of oral mucosa increase the risk of cancer, and the risk is further increased by the long-term influence of exogenic damages. Surgery is the treatment of choice, especially in the elderly patient, in whom quality of life must be maintained as much as possible. The prognosis of intraoral cancer is mainly influenced by the size of the tumor at treatment. Therefore, early diagnosis and prophylaxis, which is often neglected in elderly patients, may improve this situation.
口腔内和口周组织表现出典型的与年龄相关的萎缩性变化，这些变化是由内源性因素以及外源性损伤引起的。文中讨论了口腔黏膜、唾液腺、舌头、肌肉组织和神经系统中与年龄相关的生理变化。展示了黏膜的病理变化，特别是不同类型的白斑；它们在口腔癌的早期诊断中起着关键作用。口腔癌的发生与年龄密切相关。口腔黏膜与年龄相关的变化会增加患癌风险，而外源性损伤的长期影响会进一步增加这种风险。手术是首选的治疗方法，尤其是对于老年患者，必须尽可能维持其生活质量。口腔癌的预后主要受治疗时肿瘤大小的影响。因此，早期诊断和预防（这在老年患者中常常被忽视）可能会改善这种情况。
