Baxter P J
Department of Community Medicine, University of Cambridge Clinical School, Addenbrooke's Hospital, U.K.
Ann Occup Hyg. 1990 Dec;34(6):615-20. doi: 10.1093/annhyg/34.6.615.
Major releases of hazardous substances into the community are a preventable cause of disaster. Despite the impetus given by recent legislation to emergency planning the problems of mounting an adequate response to a chemical disaster are considerable. The successful medical management of a major incident depends upon a rapid and complete evaluation of the acute and possible long-term health hazards and this is likely to require the urgent deployment to the scene of specialists from the key disciplines. Some of the lessons of previous major incidents are highlighted; these are similar regardless of the route of human exposure (air, food and drink, water) or whether the release is from an industrial or natural source.
有害物质大量释放到社区是可预防的灾难成因。尽管近期立法推动了应急规划，但对化学灾难做出充分应对仍存在诸多问题。重大事件的成功医疗处理取决于对急性和可能的长期健康危害进行快速且全面的评估，而这可能需要紧急调遣关键学科的专家前往现场。文中强调了以往重大事件的一些经验教训；无论人体接触途径（空气、食物和饮品、水）如何，也无论释放源是工业源还是自然源，这些经验教训都是相似的。
