Geriatric Cardiology Section, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology,Avenida Dr Dante Pazzanese 500, Ibirapuera, São Paulo 04012-180, Brazil.
J Geriatr Cardiol. 2012 Jun;9(2):83-90. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1263.2011.12292.
THE CLINICAL DECISION TO CONTROL RISK FACTORS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CVD) IN THE ELDERLY TAKES THE FOLLOWINGS INTO CONSIDERATION: (1) the elderly life expectancy; (2) the elderly biological age and functional capacity; (3) the role of cardiovascular disease in the elderly group; (4) the prevalence of risk factors in the elderly; and (5) The effectiveness of treatment of risk factors in the elderly. A large number of studies showed the efficacy of secondary and primary prevention of dyslipidemia in the elderly. However, the only trial that included patients over 80 years was the Heart Protection Study (HPS). Statins are considered the first line therapy for lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Because lifestyle changes are very difficult to achieve, doctors in general tend to prescribe many drugs to control cardiovascular risk factors. However, healthy food consumption remains a cornerstone in primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention and should be implemented by everyone.
控制老年人心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素的临床决策需要考虑以下因素：（1）老年人的预期寿命；（2）老年人的生物年龄和功能能力；（3）心血管疾病在老年人中的作用；（4）老年人中风险因素的流行率；以及（5）老年人治疗风险因素的效果。大量研究表明，血脂异常的二级和一级预防在老年人中是有效的。然而，唯一一项纳入 80 岁以上患者的试验是心脏保护研究（HPS）。他汀类药物被认为是降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）的一线治疗药物。由于生活方式的改变非常困难，一般医生倾向于开多种药物来控制心血管风险因素。然而，健康的食物消费仍然是初级和二级心血管预防的基石，应该由每个人来实施。
