J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2012 Sep;51(9):957-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2012.07.004.
Children and adolescents who are growing up gay, lesbian, bisexual, gender nonconforming, or gender discordant experience unique developmental challenges. They are at risk for certain mental health problems, many of which are significantly correlated with stigma and prejudice. Mental health professionals have an important role to play in fostering healthy development in this population. Influences on sexual orientation, gender nonconformity, and gender discordance, and their developmental relationships to each other, are reviewed. Practice principles and related issues of cultural competence, research needs, and ethics are discussed.
儿童和青少年在成长过程中如果是同性恋、双性恋、跨性别、性别不一致或性别不和谐，他们会面临独特的发展挑战。他们面临某些心理健康问题的风险，其中许多问题与耻辱感和偏见密切相关。心理健康专业人员在促进这一人群的健康发展方面发挥着重要作用。本文回顾了性取向、性别不一致和性别不和谐的影响，以及它们之间的发展关系。讨论了实践原则和相关的文化能力、研究需求和伦理问题。
