Jaynes W F, Boyd S A
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824-1325.
J Air Waste Manage Assoc. 1990 Dec;40(12):1649-53. doi: 10.1080/10473289.1990.10466811.
Homoionic trimethylphenylammonium (TMPA)- and tetramethylammonium (TMA)-clays were prepared by ion-exchange reactions using two smectite clays that differed in their cation exchange capacities and surface charge densities. These clays are referred to as a low-charge (SAC) and high-charge (SWa)-smectite. The organo-clays were evaluated as adsorbents of water soluble aromatic hydrocarbons including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene, butylbenzene, and naphthalene. All of the aromatic hydrocarbons tested were effectively removed from water by the low-charge TMPA-smectite. The low-charge TMA-smectite was an effective adsorbent for benzene but was ineffective in the removal of the alkylbenzenes and naphthalene from water. The effect of surface charge on the adsorption properties of TMPA-smectite was pronounced. The uptake of benzene and toluene by the high-charge TMPA-smectite was greatly reduced as compared to the low-charge TMPA-smectite. These results suggest the utility of TMPA-smectite as a liner material for petroleum storage containers and waste disposal reservoirs. The use of TMPA-smectite in conjunction with Na-smectite would provide a barrier with the ability to impede the flow of water and to effectively adsorb dissolved organic contaminants.
通过离子交换反应，使用两种阳离子交换容量和表面电荷密度不同的蒙脱石粘土制备了同离子三甲基苯基铵（TMPA）和四甲基铵（TMA）粘土。这些粘土被称为低电荷（SAC）蒙脱石和高电荷（SWa）蒙脱石。对这些有机粘土作为水溶性芳烃（包括苯、甲苯、乙苯、对二甲苯、丁苯和萘）吸附剂的性能进行了评估。所有测试的芳烃都能被低电荷的TMPA蒙脱石有效地从水中去除。低电荷的TMA蒙脱石是苯的有效吸附剂，但对从水中去除烷基苯和萘无效。表面电荷对TMPA蒙脱石吸附性能的影响很显著。与低电荷的TMPA蒙脱石相比，高电荷的TMPA蒙脱石对苯和甲苯的吸附量大大降低。这些结果表明TMPA蒙脱石作为石油储存容器和废物处理池的衬里材料具有实用性。将TMPA蒙脱石与钠蒙脱石结合使用，将形成一个能够阻止水流并有效吸附溶解有机污染物的屏障。
