University of Virginia School of Nursing, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
J Pediatr Nurs. 2012 Oct;27(5):471-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2011.05.011. Epub 2011 Jul 16.
Nursing has a strong historical precedence in the treatment of health disparities. This article evaluates the public health nurses' (PHNs') role with infant mortality during 1884-1920, specifically how nursing care impacted on conditions of poverty, poor nutrition, poor living conditions, lack of education, and lack of governmental policies that contributed to the poor health of infants a century ago. The historical significance of the early PHNs' role can improve our understanding of nursing practice with childhood health issues today. Suggestions are made for nursing to focus on health disparities in childhood obesity, in areas of environmental and policy changes, and the development of social programs and education for families to support healthier living.
护理在治疗健康差异方面有着悠久的历史。本文评估了公共卫生护士（PHN）在 1884-1920 年期间在婴儿死亡率方面的作用，特别是护理如何影响贫困、营养不良、恶劣的生活条件、缺乏教育以及导致一个世纪前婴儿健康状况不佳的缺乏政府政策等条件。早期 PHN 角色的历史意义可以提高我们对当今儿童健康问题护理实践的理解。建议护理关注儿童肥胖的健康差异，关注环境和政策变化领域，以及制定社会计划和家庭健康教育，以支持更健康的生活。
