Valdovinos D, Cadena J, Montijo E, Zárate F, Cazares M, Toro E, Cervantes R, Ramírez-Mayans J
Servicio de Gastroenterología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México DF, México.
Rev Gastroenterol Mex. 2012 Jul-Sep;77(3):130-40. doi: 10.1016/j.rgmx.2012.06.001. Epub 2012 Aug 24.
Short bowel syndrome (SBS) refers to the sum of the functional alterations that are the result of a critical reduction in the length of the intestine, which in the absence of adequate treatment, presents as chronic diarrhea, chronic dehydration, malnutrition, weight loss, nutriment and electrolyte deficiency, along with a failure to grow that is present with greater frequency during the neonatal period. The aim was to carry out a review of the literature encompassing the definition and the most frequent causes of SBS, together with an understanding of its physiopathology, prognostic factors, and treatment. An Internet search of PubMed articles was carried out for the existing information published over the last 20 years on SBS in children, using the keywords "short bowel syndrome". From a total of 784 potential articles, 82 articles were chosen for the literature review. The treatment of patients presenting with SBS is quite a challenge and therefore it is necessary to establish multidisciplinary management with a focus on maintaining optimal nutritional support that covers the necessities of growth and development and at the same time provides a maximum reduction of short, medium, and long-term complications. The diagnosis and treatment of a child with SBS require a team of professionals that are experts in gastroenterologic, pediatric, and nutritional management. The outcome for the child will be directly related to opportune management, as well as to the length of the intestinal resection and the presence or absence of the ileocecal valve.
短肠综合征（SBS）是指因肠道长度严重缩短而导致的一系列功能改变。在缺乏适当治疗的情况下，会表现为慢性腹泻、慢性脱水、营养不良、体重减轻、营养物质和电解质缺乏，以及在新生儿期更频繁出现的生长发育迟缓。目的是对有关SBS的定义、最常见病因进行文献综述，并了解其生理病理学、预后因素和治疗方法。利用关键词“短肠综合征”，在互联网上搜索了过去20年发表在PubMed上的关于儿童SBS的现有信息。从总共784篇潜在文章中，选出82篇进行文献综述。对患有SBS的患者进行治疗颇具挑战，因此有必要建立多学科管理模式，重点是维持最佳营养支持，以满足生长发育需求，同时最大程度减少短期、中期和长期并发症。对患有SBS的儿童进行诊断和治疗需要一个由胃肠病学、儿科学和营养管理方面的专家组成的专业团队。儿童的预后将直接与及时的管理以及肠道切除的长度和回盲瓣的有无相关。
