动态和静态类型运动员的心电图、超声心动图和心率变异性评估。
Assessment of electrocardiography, echocardiography, and heart rate variability in dynamic and static type athletes.
机构信息
Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;
出版信息
Int J Gen Med. 2012;5:655-60. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S33247. Epub 2012 Jul 30.
BACKGROUND
Over the last two decades, morphological cardiac changes induced by athletic conditioning have been of great interest. Therefore, several studies have been orchestrated to delineate electrocardiography (ECG), echocardiography, and heart rate variability (HRV) findings in athletes.
PURPOSE
To assess the ECG, echocardiography, and HRV in a group of dynamic and static type athletes.
METHODS
Fifty professional athletes (20 static and 30 dynamic exercise athletes) and 50 healthy nonathletes (control group) were recruited. Standard 12-lead ECG and transthoracic echocardiography was performed on all athletes and the control group. Through echocardiography, variables including left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic/systolic diameter, LV mass, and left atrial volume index were measured. In addition, both the athletes and the control group underwent ECG Holter monitoring for 15 minutes and several parameters related to HRV (time and frequency domain) were recorded.
RESULTS
The most common ECG abnormalities among the athletes were sinus bradycardia and incomplete right bundle branch block. LV end-diastolic diameter and left atrial volume index were significantly greater in the dynamic athletes (P < 0.001). LV end-systolic diameter was significantly lower in the static group (P < 0.001). LV mass of the dynamic and static athletes was significantly greater than that of the controls (P < 0.001). Among the ECG Holter monitoring findings, the dynamic athletes had lower systolic blood pressure than the controls (P = 0.01). Heart rate was lowest in the control group (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
The most common ECG abnormalities among adolescent Iranian athletes were sinus bradycardia and incomplete right bundle branch block. Static exercise seemed to reduce LV end-systolic diameter, while dynamic exercise resulted in increased LV end-diastolic diameter and left atrial volume index. Additionally, Iranian athletes showed no differences in HRV parameters, excluding heart rate and systolic blood pressure, compared with the nonathletes.
背景
在过去的二十年中，运动引起的心脏形态变化引起了极大的关注。因此，已经进行了几项研究来描绘运动员的心电图（ECG）、超声心动图和心率变异性（HRV）。
目的
评估一组动态和静态运动员的心电图、超声心动图和 HRV。
方法
招募了 50 名专业运动员（20 名静态运动运动员和 30 名动态运动运动员）和 50 名健康非运动员（对照组）。对所有运动员和对照组进行了标准 12 导联心电图和经胸超声心动图检查。通过超声心动图，测量了左心室（LV）舒张末期/收缩末期直径、LV 质量和左心房容积指数等变量。此外，运动员和对照组均进行了 15 分钟的心电图 Holter 监测，并记录了与 HRV（时域和频域）相关的多个参数。
结果
运动员中最常见的心电图异常是窦性心动过缓和不完全右束支传导阻滞。动态运动员的 LV 舒张末期直径和左心房容积指数明显更大（P < 0.001）。LV 收缩末期直径在静态组中明显较低（P < 0.001）。动态和静态运动员的 LV 质量明显大于对照组（P < 0.001）。在心电图 Holter 监测结果中，动态运动员的收缩压低于对照组（P = 0.01）。心率在对照组中最低（P < 0.001）。
结论
伊朗青少年运动员最常见的心电图异常是窦性心动过缓和不完全右束支传导阻滞。静态运动似乎降低了 LV 收缩末期直径，而动态运动导致 LV 舒张末期直径和左心房容积指数增加。此外，与非运动员相比，伊朗运动员的 HRV 参数除心率和收缩压外没有差异。
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