Gebremariam Mulugeta Betre
Child and Adolescent Health Stream, Department of Reproductive, and Family Health and, Nutrition, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 9086, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Ethiop Med J. 2012 Apr;50(2):167-84.
Vaccination and immunization of children and child-bearing women, in particular, is uniquely important public health intervention Ethiopia inclusive. In spite of the promising progresses, much is desired toward the ultimate optimization, effectiveness and protection.
This analytical discourse-recourse piece of work aimed at flagging the optimization perspectives on the basis of readily available information. CONTEXT, MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study emerged consequent to the review and capacity enhancement workshop of experts on Reaching Every District (RED) strategy of the Eastern and Southern African countries which was hosted by the WHO Afro Country Support Team for Eastern and Southern Africa in Harare, Zimbabwe, 28 February, - 03, March 2012. The study, essentially, is a qualitative analytical review of the pertinent literature with a particular focus on Ethiopia. Both peer reviewed and published and gray (unpublished) pertinent literature were solicited and reviewed systematically. The analytical discourse focused on performance progresses, achievements, opportunities, gaps/shortcomings, challenges and threats and perspectives. Vaccination-immunization performance evidences which were consolidated by the WHO Afro Country Support Team served the starting point to the central analytical discussion. KEY FINDINGS AND REFLECTIONS: Without underestimating the progresses and successes registered thus far, however, there indeed are quite many areas that warrant further discourse and/or recourse in Ethiopia in particular. Compared with other member countries, the size of the unimmunized, reporting quality, fragileness of systems, weak capacity, resource limitation, and others in particular respect to Ethiopia deserve further concerted attention. Districts with under 80% DPT3 coverage were still too many for Ethiopia by 2010/11. Whilst the challenges appeared prevalent, but more so effective and maximal use of the readily available opportunities appeared even more crucial.
Further and dynamic optimization is desired more than ever before. Presumably promising and realistic enough recommendation perspectives are duly highlighted.
儿童和育龄妇女的疫苗接种和免疫，特别是在埃塞俄比亚，是一项极为重要的公共卫生干预措施。尽管取得了令人鼓舞的进展，但要实现最终的优化、有效性和保护，仍有许多工作需要开展。
本分析性论述文章旨在根据现有信息提出优化观点。
背景、材料与方法：该研究源于2012年2月28日至3月3日在津巴布韦哈拉雷由世卫组织非洲区域东部和南部国家支持团队主办的关于“覆盖每个地区”（RED）战略的专家审查和能力提升研讨会。本质上，该研究是对相关文献的定性分析综述，特别关注埃塞俄比亚。系统地征集并审查了同行评审并发表的以及灰色（未发表）的相关文献。分析论述聚焦于绩效进展、成就、机遇、差距/不足、挑战和威胁以及观点。由世卫组织非洲区域国家支持团队汇总的疫苗接种免疫绩效证据是核心分析讨论的起点。
然而，在不低估迄今取得的进展和成功的情况下，尤其是在埃塞俄比亚，确实有许多领域值得进一步探讨和/或寻求解决方案。与其他成员国相比，埃塞俄比亚未接种疫苗的人数规模、报告质量、系统的脆弱性、能力薄弱、资源限制等方面尤其值得进一步共同关注。到2010/11年，埃塞俄比亚三剂白喉、百日咳、破伤风疫苗（DPT3）覆盖率低于80%的地区仍然过多。虽然挑战普遍存在，但更有效地最大限度利用现有机会似乎更为关键。
比以往任何时候都更需要进一步的动态优化。适时突出了可能有前景且现实的建议观点。
