Taillefer A, Casasoprana A, Cascarigny F, Claudet I
Service d'accueil des urgences pédiatriques, hôpital des Enfants, CHU de Toulouse, 330, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, TSA 70034, 31059 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
Arch Pediatr. 2012 Oct;19(10):1058-64. doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2012.07.003. Epub 2012 Aug 24.
Numerous infants wear teething necklaces, a quack remedy with a real risk of strangulation or aspiration of small beads.
Evaluate parental perceptions and beliefs about the use of teething necklaces and analyze parental knowledge about the associated dangers.
Between March and July 2011, in three different pediatric units of a tertiary children's hospital and a general hospital in Toulouse and Montauban (southwest France), voluntary parents were invited to be interviewed about their child wearing a teething necklace. The interviews were conducted following an anthropological approach: they were recorded and then fully transcribed and analyzed. Parents were informed that the conversation was recorded.
During the study period, 48 children were eligible. Eleven families refused to participate, 29 parents were interviewed face to face. The children's mean age was 14 years ± 7 months, the male:female ratio was equal to 0.8 (12 boys, 15 girls). The mean age of children when necklace wearing was started was equal to 4 ± 2 months. The mean mother's age was 31 ± 5 years and 33 ± 4 years for fathers. The parents' religion was mostly Catholic (60%). Teething necklaces were mainly made of amber (n=23). Sales information about the risks associated with the necklaces was for the most part absent (92%). The most frequent positive parental perceptions were analgesic properties and a soothing remedy (73%); a birth accessory and memory (64%); an esthetic accessory (60%); a protective amulet (60%); and an alternative or additional element to other traditional therapeutics (55%). The negative parental perceptions (n=4) were an unnecessary accessory, costume jewelry, a pure commercial abuse of a popular belief, a dangerous item with a risk of strangulation, and the absence of proof of its efficacy.
Although parents concede that teeth eruption is benign, they fear its related symptoms. To a natural phenomenon a natural response: they use a necklace to satisfy the analogy. The parental approach of this usage is consistent with accessorizing the child to protect and help them during a difficult stage. When informed of the danger of strangulation, numerous families preferred to continue this practice; their irrational fear of seeing their child suffer surpassed their fear of the risk of strangulation.
Putting necklaces on young children is dangerous. This risk must be diffused by all professionals working with small children in order to stop any publicity or sale of this ineffective product implicated in infant deaths by strangulation.
许多婴儿佩戴出牙项链，这是一种毫无科学依据的疗法，存在小珠子导致窒息或误吸的实际风险。
评估父母对使用出牙项链的看法和信念，并分析父母对相关危险的了解情况。
2011年3月至7月期间，在法国西南部图卢兹和蒙托邦的一家三级儿童医院和一家综合医院的三个不同儿科病房，邀请自愿参与的父母就其孩子佩戴出牙项链的情况接受访谈。访谈采用人类学方法进行：记录访谈内容，然后进行完整转录和分析。已告知父母谈话会被录音。
在研究期间，48名儿童符合条件。11个家庭拒绝参与，对29名父母进行了面对面访谈。儿童的平均年龄为14岁±7个月，男女比例为0.8（12名男孩，15名女孩）。开始佩戴项链时儿童的平均年龄为4±2个月。母亲的平均年龄为31±5岁，父亲的平均年龄为33±4岁。父母的宗教信仰大多为天主教（60%）。出牙项链主要由琥珀制成（n = 23）。关于项链相关风险的销售信息大多缺失（92%）。父母最常见的积极看法是具有止痛特性且是一种舒缓疗法（73%）；是出生时的配饰和纪念物（64%）；是一种美观的配饰（60%）；是一种保护性护身符（60%）；以及是其他传统疗法的替代或补充元素（55%）。父母的消极看法（n = 4）是不必要的配饰、假首饰、对一种流行观念的纯粹商业滥用、有窒息风险的危险物品以及缺乏其疗效的证据。
尽管父母承认出牙是良性的，但他们害怕其相关症状。对于自然现象采用自然的应对方式：他们使用项链来满足这种类比。父母对这种用法的态度与给孩子佩戴配饰以在困难阶段保护和帮助他们是一致的。当被告知有窒息危险时，许多家庭仍倾向于继续这种做法；他们对孩子受苦的非理性恐惧超过了对窒息风险的恐惧。
给幼儿佩戴项链是危险的。所有与幼儿打交道的专业人员都必须传播这种风险，以阻止这种无效产品的任何宣传或销售，该产品已导致婴儿因窒息死亡。
