Department of Neuroscience (Section Anatomy), University Medical Centre Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Nat Rev Urol. 2012 Sep;9(9):486-98. doi: 10.1038/nrurol.2012.151. Epub 2012 Aug 28.
Sex is a fundamental pleasure, and crucial to the survival of our species. Though not many people would disagree with the proposition that sexual behaviour depends on the brain, the neuroscientific study of human sex is still relatively taboo and much remains to be discovered. On the contrary, excellent experimental animal models (mostly rat) are available that have uncovered major behavioural, neurochemical, and neuroanatomical characteristics of sexual behaviour. Restructuring sexual behaviour into broader terms reflecting behavioural states (wanting, liking, and inhibition) facilitates species comparison, revealing many similarities between animal and human sexual pleasure cycles, some of which can serve as potential avenues of new human sex research. In particular, behavioural and brain evidence clearly shows that motivational and consummatory phases are fundamentally distinct, and that genitally-induced sexual reward is a major factor in sexual learning mechanisms.
性是一种基本的愉悦，对我们物种的生存至关重要。尽管大多数人都同意性行为取决于大脑这一观点，但人类性行为的神经科学研究仍然相对禁忌，还有很多有待发现。相反，现已有出色的实验动物模型（主要是大鼠），揭示了性行为的主要行为、神经化学和神经解剖学特征。将性行为重新构建为更广泛的术语，反映行为状态（想要、喜欢和抑制），有助于进行物种比较，揭示动物和人类性愉悦周期之间的许多相似之处，其中一些可以作为新的人类性研究的潜在途径。特别是，行为和大脑证据清楚地表明，动机和满足阶段是根本不同的，生殖器诱导的性奖励是性学习机制的一个主要因素。
