Irvin Molly K, Schutz Dannielle, Lorenz Tierney K
Center for Brain, Biology and Behavior, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA.
Curr Sex Health Rep. 2024 Jun;16(2):104-118. doi: 10.1007/s11930-024-00385-2. Epub 2024 Apr 2.
Many transgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC) people seek gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT). While GAHT is generally safe and increases well-being, it is essential to accurately understand potential unintended effects and risk factors to better inform and manage treatment. This narrative review covers recent literature documenting changes in sexual function following the initiation of GAHT and explores inflammation as a potential mediator of these changes.
Generally, the initiation of GAHT is correlated with increased sexual desire in transgender men and decreased sexual desire in transgender women, with time-limited effects that return to levels approaching baseline after about a year; there are also changes in inflammation markers that parallel this timeline. Findings on other aspects of sexual function (e.g., orgasm, pain, and sexual quality of life) are more limited. As there is evidence from cisgender populations that inflammation acts as a mechanism by which hormones influence sexual function, we propose applying this model to TGNC people taking GAHT.
Sexual function may change in TGNC patients receiving GAHT, and those changes may be influenced by inflammation. However, these changes often return to baseline as TGNC patients' bodies adjust to a new hormonal equilibrium.
许多跨性别者和性别不一致者（TGNC）寻求性别肯定激素疗法（GAHT）。虽然GAHT总体上是安全的，并且能提高幸福感，但准确了解潜在的意外影响和风险因素对于更好地指导和管理治疗至关重要。本叙述性综述涵盖了记录GAHT开始后性功能变化的近期文献，并探讨炎症作为这些变化的潜在介导因素。
一般来说，GAHT的开始与跨性别男性性欲增加和跨性别女性性欲降低相关，其影响具有时间限制，大约一年后会恢复到接近基线的水平；炎症标志物也有与该时间线平行的变化。关于性功能其他方面（如性高潮、疼痛和性生活质量）的研究结果更为有限。由于顺性别群体中有证据表明炎症是激素影响性功能的一种机制，我们建议将该模型应用于接受GAHT的TGNC人群。
接受GAHT的TGNC患者的性功能可能会发生变化，这些变化可能受炎症影响。然而，随着TGNC患者的身体适应新的激素平衡，这些变化通常会恢复到基线水平。
