Brożek Grzegorz M, Nowak Marcin, Pierzchała Władysław, Zejda Jan E
Profil dorosłych chorujących na astmę w Polsce--wyniki badania PulmoScreen.
Pneumonol Alergol Pol. 2012;80(5):402-11.
Adult patients with diagnosis of asthma remain largely under the care of primary care physicians (general practitioners). Thus, they play an important role in diagnosing and treating this population. The aim of the study was to characterize of adults with asthma remaining under the care of Polish general practitioners (GP) as well as to evaluate the use of diagnostic tools and treatment in light of GINA recommendations.
This questionnaire study included a representative sample of 1852 general practitioners (GPs) who were asked to complete questionnaires on the diagnosis and treatment of their patients with asthma.
Altogether 1250 GPs provided information about 10 981patients. Controlled asthma had 21.2% patients, 46.9% partly controlled, and 31.9% uncontrolled asthma. Allergy skin prick tests were performed in 64.8%, bronchial reversibility tests in 58.1% and bronchial provocation tests in 9.8% of patients. Spirometry results were obtained for 41.9% of patients. In the last year 16.6% of patients underwent emergency intervention due to asthma exacerbation and 18.1% required hospitalization.
In Polish asthma patients the frequency of allergological and pulmonological visits as well as the frequency of spirometric assessment are poorly associated with asthma control level. The diagnostic tests recommended by international and national guidelines for the management of asthma are performed too seldom. Hospitalizations and emergency interventions related to asthma exacerbations are found in a large portion of patients and depend on their gender and asthma control level. Asthma has a negative impact on everyday activity in more than half of patients. Proper assessment of the level of causes asthma control according to GINA guidelines poses problems to Polish general practitioners.
被诊断为哮喘的成年患者大多仍由初级保健医生（全科医生）负责照料。因此，他们在诊断和治疗这一人群方面发挥着重要作用。本研究的目的是描述仍由波兰全科医生照料的成年哮喘患者的特征，并根据全球哮喘防治创议（GINA）的建议评估诊断工具和治疗方法的使用情况。
这项问卷调查研究纳入了1852名全科医生的代表性样本，他们被要求填写有关其哮喘患者诊断和治疗情况的问卷。
共有1250名全科医生提供了10981名患者的信息。其中，哮喘得到控制的患者占21.2%，部分得到控制的占46.9%，未得到控制的占31.9%。64.8%的患者进行了变应原皮肤点刺试验，58.1%的患者进行了支气管舒张试验，9.8%的患者进行了支气管激发试验。41.9%的患者获得了肺功能测定结果。去年，16.6%的患者因哮喘急性发作接受了紧急干预，18.1%的患者需要住院治疗。
在波兰的哮喘患者中，过敏科和肺科就诊的频率以及肺功能测定评估的频率与哮喘控制水平的相关性较差。国际和国家哮喘管理指南推荐的诊断测试执行得太少。很大一部分患者出现了与哮喘急性发作相关的住院和紧急干预情况，且这取决于患者的性别和哮喘控制水平。超过一半的患者中，哮喘对日常活动有负面影响。按照GINA指南正确评估导致哮喘控制的因素水平给波兰全科医生带来了问题。
