Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Alberta, Canada.
Integr Environ Assess Manag. 2013 Jul;9(3):426-38. doi: 10.1002/ieam.1360. Epub 2012 Dec 20.
A consistent methodology for assessing the accumulating effects of natural and manmade change on riverine systems has not been developed for a whole host of reasons including a lack of data, disagreement over core elements to consider, and complexity. Accumulated state assessments of aquatic systems is an integral component of watershed cumulative effects assessment. The Yukon River is the largest free flowing river in the world and is the fourth largest drainage basin in North America, draining 855,000 km(2) in Canada and the United States. Because of its remote location, it is considered pristine but little is known about its cumulative state. This review identified 7 "hot spot" areas in the Yukon River Basin including Lake Laberge, Yukon River at Dawson City, the Charley and Yukon River confluence, Porcupine and Yukon River confluence, Yukon River at the Dalton Highway Bridge, Tolovana River near Tolovana, and Tanana River at Fairbanks. Climate change, natural stressors, and anthropogenic stresses have resulted in accumulating changes including measurable levels of contaminants in surface waters and fish tissues, fish and human disease, changes in surface hydrology, as well as shifts in biogeochemical loads. This article is the first integrated accumulated state assessment for the Yukon River basin based on a literature review. It is the first part of a 2-part series. The second article (Dubé et al. 2013a, this issue) is a quantitative accumulated state assessment of the Yukon River Basin where hot spots and hot moments are assessed outside of a "normal" range of variability.
由于缺乏数据、对核心考虑因素存在分歧以及复杂性等诸多原因，尚未针对自然和人为变化对河流系统的累积影响开发出一种一致的方法。水生系统的累积状态评估是流域累积效应评估的一个组成部分。育空河是世界上最大的自由流动的河流，也是北美的第四大流域，在加拿大和美国的流域面积为 855,000 平方公里。由于其地理位置偏远，被认为是原始的，但对其累积状态知之甚少。本综述确定了育空河流域的 7 个“热点”地区，包括拉贝格湖、道森市育空河、查理和育空河汇合处、波丘皮诺河和育空河汇合处、道尔顿高速公路桥处的育空河、托洛瓦纳附近的托洛瓦纳河和费尔班克斯的塔纳纳河。气候变化、自然压力和人为压力导致了累积变化，包括地表水和鱼类组织中可测量水平的污染物、鱼类和人类疾病、地表水文学的变化以及生物地球化学负荷的转移。本文是基于文献综述对育空河流域进行的首次综合累积状态评估。它是两部分系列的第一部分。第二篇文章（Dubé 等人，2013a，本期）是育空河流域定量累积状态评估，其中热点和热点时刻在“正常”变化范围之外进行评估。
