Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Labrador Institute of Memorial University, 219 Hamilton River Road, P.O. Box 490, Stn. B, Happy Valley-Goose Bay, NL A0P 1E0, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Nov 30;15(12):2706. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15122706.
Environments are shifting rapidly in the Circumpolar Arctic and Subarctic regions as a result of climate change and other external stressors, and this has a substantial impact on the health of northern populations. Thus, there is a need for integrated surveillance systems designed to monitor the impacts of climate change on human health outcomes as part of broader adaptation strategies in these regions. This review aimed to identify, describe, and synthesize literature on integrated surveillance systems in Circumpolar Arctic and Subarctic regions, that are used for research or practice. Following a systematic realist review approach, relevant articles were identified using search strings developed for MEDLINE and Web of Science™ databases, and screened by two independent reviewers. Articles that met the inclusion criteria were retained for descriptive quantitative analysis, as well as thematic qualitative analysis, using a realist lens. Of the 3431 articles retrieved in the database searches, 85 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Thematic analysis identified components of integrated surveillance systems that were categorized into three main groups: structural, processual, and relational components. These components were linked to surveillance attributes and activities that supported the operations and management of integrated surveillance. This review advances understandings of the distinct contributions of integrated surveillance systems and data to discerning the nature of changes in climate and environmental conditions that affect population health outcomes and determinants in the Circumpolar North. Findings from this review can be used to inform the planning, design, and evaluation of integrated surveillance systems that support evidence-based public health research and practice in the context of increasing climate change and the need for adaptation.
由于气候变化和其他外部压力源的影响，环北极和亚北极地区的环境迅速变化，这对北方人口的健康产生了重大影响。因此，需要设计综合监测系统，以监测气候变化对人类健康结果的影响，作为这些地区更广泛适应战略的一部分。本综述旨在确定、描述和综合环北极和亚北极地区用于研究或实践的综合监测系统的文献。本研究采用系统的现实主义综述方法，使用为 MEDLINE 和 Web of Science™ 数据库开发的搜索字符串来确定相关文章，并由两名独立评审员进行筛选。符合纳入标准的文章将进行描述性定量分析，以及使用现实主义视角的专题定性分析。在数据库搜索中检索到的 3431 篇文章中，有 85 篇符合纳入标准并进行了分析。主题分析确定了综合监测系统的组成部分，这些组成部分分为三组：结构、过程和关系组成部分。这些组成部分与支持综合监测运作和管理的监测属性和活动相关联。本综述增进了对综合监测系统和数据的独特贡献的理解，有助于了解影响人口健康结果和决定因素的气候变化和环境条件变化的性质。本综述的结果可用于为支持基于证据的公共卫生研究和实践的综合监测系统的规划、设计和评估提供信息，以应对气候变化的加剧和适应的需要。
