Section of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
Menopause. 2013 Jan;20(1):110-4. doi: 10.1097/gme.0b013e31825a27ab.
Ovarian cancer remains the fifth deadliest cancer among women because of its early asymptomatic nature and lack of efficacious screening methods, leading to frequent late-stage diagnosis. Elective oophorectomy is an option for women undergoing benign hysterectomy as a means of reducing their ovarian cancer risk. Benefits also include reduced risk of repeat surgical operation due to adnexal masses and reduced anxiety related to perceived risk of ovarian and breast cancer. The potential negative side effects of elective oophorectomy, such as decreased cognition and sexual function and increased risk of osteoporosis and cardiac mortality, offer support for ovarian conservation. The implications of this elective procedure and the possible consequences without it require physicians to review the pros and cons with patients in light of the patient's individual circumstances and ovarian cancer risk.
卵巢癌仍然是女性中第五大致命癌症，因为其早期无症状的性质和缺乏有效的筛查方法，导致经常在晚期诊断。对于接受良性子宫切除术的女性，选择卵巢切除术是一种降低卵巢癌风险的方法。其益处还包括减少因附件肿块而需要重复手术的风险，以及降低对卵巢癌和乳腺癌的感知风险的焦虑。选择卵巢切除术的潜在负面影响，如认知和性功能下降、骨质疏松症和心脏死亡率增加等，为卵巢保留提供了支持。这种选择性手术的影响以及没有手术的可能后果，要求医生根据患者的个体情况和卵巢癌风险，与患者一起权衡利弊。
