Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2013 Jul;68(4):558-61. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbs074. Epub 2012 Aug 28.
Previously relevant information can disrupt the ability of older adults to remember new information. Here, the researchers examined whether prior irrelevant information, or distraction, can also interfere with older adults' memory for new information.
Younger and older adults first completed a 1-back task on pictures that were superimposed with distracting words. After a delay, participants learned picture-word paired associates and memory was tested using picture-cued recall. In 1 condition (high interference), some pairs included pictures from the 1-back task now paired with new words. In a low-interference condition, the transfer list used all new items.
Older adults had substantially lower cued-recall performance in the high- compared with the low-interference condition. In contrast, younger adults' performance did not vary across conditions.
These findings suggest that even never-relevant information from the past can disrupt older adults' memory for new associations.
先前相关的信息会干扰老年人记忆新信息的能力。在这里，研究人员研究了先前不相关的信息（分心物）是否也会干扰老年人对新信息的记忆。
年轻组和老年组首先完成了一项图片 1 -back 任务，图片上叠加了分心物。在一段时间的延迟后，参与者学习了图片-单词配对联想，并使用图片提示回忆来测试记忆。在一种条件（高干扰）下，一些配对包括来自 1-back 任务的图片，现在与新单词配对。在低干扰条件下，转移列表使用所有新的项目。
与低干扰条件相比，老年人在高干扰条件下的提示回忆表现明显较差。相比之下，年轻组的表现没有因条件而异。
这些发现表明，即使是过去从未相关的信息也会干扰老年人对新联想的记忆。
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