Ambreen Khushboo, Khan Faizan Haider, Bhadauria Smrati, Kumar Sudhir
Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India.
Toxicology Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
Toxicol Ind Health. 2014 Jun;30(5):405-14. doi: 10.1177/0748233712457447. Epub 2012 Aug 29.
Trivalent chromium (Cr) is an environmental contaminant, which is extensively used in tanning industries throughout the world and causes various forms of health hazards in tannery workers. Therefore, a cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate the DNA damage and oxidative stress condition in tannery workers exposed to Cr in North India. The study population comprised 100 male tanners in the exposed group and 100 healthy males (no history of Cr exposure) in the comparable control group. Baseline characteristics including age, smoking, alcohol consumption habits and duration of exposure were recorded via interviewing the subjects. Blood Cr level (measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry), DNA damage (measured by comet assay) and oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) were estimated in both the groups. As a result of statistical analysis, exposed group showed significantly higher level of Cr (p < 0.0001), DNA damage (p < 0.0001), MDA (p < 0.0001), SOD (p < 0.05) and lower level of GSH (p < 0.001) when compared with controls. Smoking, alcohol consumption habits and age had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on DNA damage and oxidative stress parameters in both the groups. In simple and multiple correlation analysis, DNA damage and oxidative stress parameters showed significant correlation with Cr level and duration of exposure in exposed group. The findings of the present study revealed that chronic occupational exposure to trivalent Cr may cause DNA damage and oxidative stress in tannery workers.
三价铬（Cr）是一种环境污染物，在世界各地的制革工业中被广泛使用，会给制革工人带来各种健康危害。因此，本研究采用横断面研究设计，评估印度北部接触铬的制革工人的DNA损伤和氧化应激状况。研究人群包括暴露组的100名男性制革工人和对照组中100名健康男性（无铬接触史）。通过询问受试者记录包括年龄、吸烟、饮酒习惯和接触时间在内的基线特征。两组均检测了血铬水平（通过原子吸收分光光度法测量）、DNA损伤（通过彗星试验测量）和氧化应激参数（丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD））。统计分析结果显示，与对照组相比，暴露组的铬水平（p < 0.0001）、DNA损伤（p < 0.0001）、MDA（p < 0.0001）、SOD（p < 0.05）显著更高，GSH水平（p < 0.001）更低。吸烟、饮酒习惯和年龄对两组的DNA损伤和氧化应激参数均无显著影响（p > 0.05）。在简单和多重相关性分析中，暴露组的DNA损伤和氧化应激参数与铬水平和接触时间显著相关。本研究结果表明，长期职业接触三价铬可能会导致制革工人的DNA损伤和氧化应激。
