Kidney Int. 2012 Sep;82(6):623-5. doi: 10.1038/ki.2012.181.
Fatal vascular access hemorrhage is considered a rare complication of hemodialysis (HD). Ellingson et al. indicate otherwise, and their data suggest that it causes 0.4-1.6% of deaths in US HD patients. It is more common with grafts than fistulas, and many victims have had previous access hemorrhages. The widespread presumption that a fistula is the best, and a cuffed catheter the worst, access for HD patients needs reassessment, particularly in older, sicker patients.
致命性血管通路出血被认为是血液透析（HD）的一种罕见并发症。埃林斯等人指出并非如此，他们的数据表明，在美国 HD 患者中，这种并发症导致的死亡率为 0.4%-1.6%。它在移植物中比瘘管更常见，许多受害者之前都有过通路出血。广泛存在的假设是，瘘管是最好的，带袖口的导管是最差的，对于 HD 患者来说，需要重新评估血管通路选择，特别是对于年龄较大、病情较重的患者。
