Biochemistry Section, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Science. 2012 Aug 31;337(6098):1062-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1219855.
Mitochondrial fission and fusion play critical roles in maintaining functional mitochondria when cells experience metabolic or environmental stresses. Fusion helps mitigate stress by mixing the contents of partially damaged mitochondria as a form of complementation. Fission is needed to create new mitochondria, but it also contributes to quality control by enabling the removal of damaged mitochondria and can facilitate apoptosis during high levels of cellular stress. Disruptions in these processes affect normal development, and they have been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's.
线粒体的分裂和融合在细胞经历代谢或环境应激时对于维持功能正常的线粒体起着至关重要的作用。融合通过混合部分受损线粒体的内容物来帮助减轻应激，这是一种互补形式。分裂是为了产生新的线粒体，但它也通过去除受损的线粒体来促进质量控制，并在细胞应激水平高时促进细胞凋亡。这些过程的中断会影响正常发育，并且它们与神经退行性疾病（如帕金森病）有关。
