Gillin J C, Smith T L, Irwin M, Kripke D F, Brown S, Schuckit M
Department of Psychiatry, San Diego VA Medical Center, CA.
Am J Psychiatry. 1990 Jan;147(1):106-9. doi: 10.1176/ajp.147.1.106.
Primary alcoholic patients with secondary depression had significantly shorter REM latency and less non-REM sleep than alcoholics without other psychiatric diagnoses and normal control subjects. Both patient groups had significantly longer sleep latency and less sleep efficiency, total sleep time, and delta sleep than control subjects.