Division of Human Development and Disability, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 2012 Nov;54(11):1057-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04402.x. Epub 2012 Sep 3.
Persons with spina bifida who adopt unhealthy lifestyles could be at increased risk of adverse health outcomes because the presence of spina bifida may magnify this risk. We estimated overall and age-specific prevalence of selected health risk behaviors (HRBs) in young people with spina bifida and examined the association between HRBs and depression.
We performed analyses on data obtained from individuals with spina bifida (n=130; mean age 23y SD 4y 5mo; 64 males, 66 females; 64% lumbosacral lesion; 77% with shunt) who participated in a population-based survey conducted by the Arkansas Spinal Cord Commission in 2005.
Compared with national estimates, young people with spina bifida tend to eat less healthy diets, do less exercise, and engage in more sedentary activities. Respondents were less likely to use substances (alcohol, tobacco, illegal drugs), which peaked among 25 to 31 year olds. About 90% saw a doctor in the previous year. Nearly one half reported mild or major depressive symptoms. In the logistic regression analysis after controlling for potential confounders (age, sex, ethnic group, education, employment, marital status, living arrangement, level of lesion, presence of shunt, mobility, self-rated health and healthcare utilization), major depressive symptoms were associated with current alcohol drinking (adjusted odds ratio: 4.74; 95% CI 1.18-19.04).
Young adults with spina bifida exhibit unhealthy behaviors that continue into their late 20s. The findings highlight the need to increase awareness of their health risk profiles in the spina bifida community and show opportunities for mental health and health risk screening and counseling by healthcare providers.
生活方式不健康的脊柱裂患者可能面临更高的不良健康结局风险，因为脊柱裂的存在可能会放大这种风险。我们估计了脊柱裂患者中某些健康风险行为（HRB）的总体和年龄特异性流行率，并研究了 HRB 与抑郁之间的关系。
我们对参加 2005 年由阿肯色州脊髓委员会进行的一项基于人群的调查的 130 名脊柱裂患者（平均年龄 23 岁，标准差为 4 岁 5 个月；64 名男性，66 名女性；64%为腰骶部病变；77%有分流）的数据进行了分析。
与全国估计值相比，脊柱裂患者的饮食更不健康，运动更少，久坐活动更多。受访者使用物质（酒精、烟草、非法药物）的可能性较小，在 25 至 31 岁的人群中达到峰值。大约 90%的人在过去一年看过医生。近一半的人报告有轻度或重度抑郁症状。在控制了潜在混杂因素（年龄、性别、族裔、教育、就业、婚姻状况、居住安排、病变程度、分流存在、活动能力、自我报告的健康状况和医疗保健利用）的逻辑回归分析中，主要抑郁症状与当前饮酒有关（调整后的优势比：4.74；95%置信区间 1.18-19.04）。
年轻的脊柱裂患者表现出不健康的行为，这些行为一直持续到 20 多岁后期。研究结果强调了在脊柱裂社区中提高对其健康风险概况的认识的必要性，并显示了医疗保健提供者进行心理健康和健康风险筛查和咨询的机会。
