Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2012;47(10):933-41. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2012.706558.
In this study the aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) removal capacity, the tolerance to salivary and gastrointestinal conditions, autoaggregation and coaggregation with pathogenic bacteria of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains isolated from broiler feces, were evaluated. Only four of twelve isolated strains were identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae using molecular techniques. The results obtained in AFB₁ binding studies indicated that the amount of AFB₁ removed was both strain and mycotoxin-concentration dependent. Therefore, a theoretical model was applied in order to select the most efficient strain to remove AFB₁ in a wide range of mycotoxin concentration. The results indicated that S. cerevisiae 08 and S. cerevisiae 01 strains were the most efficient microorganisms in the mycotoxin removal. Viability on simulated salivary and gastrointestinal conditions was investigated and S. cerevisiae 08 strain showed the best results, achieving 98% of total survival whereas S. cerevisiae 01 reached only 75%. Autoaggregation and coaggregation assays showed S. cerevisiae 08 as the most appropriate strain, mainly because it was the unique strain able to coaggregate with the four bacterial pathogens assayed. Consequently, S. cerevisiae 08 is the best candidate for future in vivo studies useful to prevent aflatoxicosis. Further quantitative in vitro and in vivo studies are required to evaluate the real impact of yeast-binding activity on the bioavailability of AFB₁ in poultry. However, this study could be useful in selecting efficient strains in terms of AFB₁ binding and provide an important contribution to research into microorganisms with potential probiotic effects on the host.
在这项研究中，评估了从肉鸡粪便中分离出的酿酒酵母（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）菌株对黄曲霉毒素 B₁（AFB₁）的去除能力、对唾液和胃肠道条件的耐受性、与致病菌的自动聚集和共聚作用。只有 12 个分离株中的 4 个通过分子技术鉴定为酿酒酵母。在 AFB₁结合研究中获得的结果表明，AFB₁的去除量既依赖于菌株又依赖于真菌毒素浓度。因此，应用了一种理论模型来选择最有效的菌株，以去除广泛范围内真菌毒素浓度的 AFB₁。结果表明，S. cerevisiae 08 和 S. cerevisiae 01 菌株是真菌毒素去除最有效的微生物。在模拟唾液和胃肠道条件下进行了生存能力研究，S. cerevisiae 08 菌株表现出最佳结果，总存活率达到 98%，而 S. cerevisiae 01 菌株仅达到 75%。自动聚集和共聚作用测定表明 S. cerevisiae 08 菌株是最合适的菌株，主要是因为它是唯一能够与四种测试细菌病原体共聚的菌株。因此，S. cerevisiae 08 是未来用于预防黄曲霉毒素中毒的体内研究的最佳候选菌株。需要进一步进行定量的体外和体内研究，以评估酵母结合活性对家禽中 AFB₁生物利用度的实际影响。然而，这项研究对于选择具有结合 AFB₁能力的有效菌株以及对宿主具有潜在益生菌作用的微生物的研究提供了重要的贡献。
