Björkholm E, Lundell M, Gyftodimos A, Silfverswärd C
Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Cancer. 1990 Jan 1;65(1):38-44. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19900101)65:1<38::aid-cncr2820650110>3.0.co;2-u.
Dysgerminoma is a rare, highly radiosensitive, malignant germ cell tumor occurring in young females. At Radiumhemmet, Stockholm, Sweden, from 1927 to 1984, 60 patients with histologically confirmed pure dysgerminoma were treated. Primary treatment was surgery followed by radiotherapy. Recurrences were irradiated. The mean age was 23.2 years. Sixty-seven percent were in International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Stage I, 6% Stage II, 22% Stage III, 3% Stage IV, and 2% were not staged. The median follow-up time was 19 years (range, 1-53). Generally, women with Stage IA disease had unilateral oophorectomy and unilateral external irradiation. Fourteen have borne 22 children after treatment. Seventeen women in the series have died, 11 from dysgerminoma. Actuarial survival, only counting deaths from dysgerminoma, was 83% at 5 years. No patient has died of dysgerminoma since 1963 when radiotherapy with megavoltage x-rays was introduced. The authors consider external irradiation to be an effective treatment as a complement to surgery in dysgerminoma of the ovary.
无性细胞瘤是一种罕见的、对放疗高度敏感的恶性生殖细胞肿瘤，发生于年轻女性。在瑞典斯德哥尔摩的镭疗医院，1927年至1984年期间，对60例经组织学确诊为纯无性细胞瘤的患者进行了治疗。主要治疗方法是手术，随后进行放疗。复发病例进行了再次放疗。平均年龄为23.2岁。国际妇产科联盟（FIGO）分期中，67%为Ⅰ期，6%为Ⅱ期，22%为Ⅲ期，3%为Ⅳ期，2%未分期。中位随访时间为19年（范围1 - 53年）。一般来说，ⅠA期疾病的女性接受了单侧卵巢切除术和单侧体外照射。14名患者在治疗后生育了22个孩子。该系列中有17名女性死亡，11名死于无性细胞瘤。仅计算死于无性细胞瘤的患者，5年精算生存率为83%。自1963年引入兆伏级X线放疗以来，没有患者死于无性细胞瘤。作者认为体外照射作为卵巢无性细胞瘤手术的补充治疗是一种有效的治疗方法。
