Zucker Steven W
Computer Science, Biomedical Engineering and Applied Mathematics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
J Physiol Paris. 2012 Sep-Dec;106(5-6):297-315. doi: 10.1016/j.jphysparis.2012.08.001. Epub 2012 Aug 23.
Border ownership is an intermediate-level visual task: it must integrate (upward flowing) image information about edges with (downward flowing) shape information. This highlights the familiar local-to-global aspect of border formation (linking of edge elements to form contours) with the much less studied global-to-local aspect (which edge elements form part of the same shape). To address this task we show how to incorporate certain high-level notions of distance and geometric arrangement into a form that can influence image-based edge information. The center of the argument is a reaction-diffusion equation that reveals how (global) aspects of the distance map (that is, shape) can be "read out" locally, suggesting a solution to the border ownership problem. Since the reaction-diffusion equation defines a field, a possible information processing role for the local field potential can be defined. We argue that such fields also underlie the Gestalt notion of closure, especially when it is refined using modern experimental techniques. An important implication of this theoretical argument is that, if true, then network modeling must be extended to include the substrate surrounding spiking neurons, including glia.
它必须将（向上流动的）关于边缘的图像信息与（向下流动的）形状信息整合起来。这凸显了边界形成中常见的从局部到全局的方面（将边缘元素连接形成轮廓），以及较少被研究的从全局到局部的方面（哪些边缘元素构成同一形状的一部分）。为了解决这项任务，我们展示了如何将某些距离和几何排列的高级概念纳入一种能够影响基于图像的边缘信息的形式。论证的核心是一个反应扩散方程，它揭示了距离图的（全局）方面（即形状）如何能够在局部被“读出”，这为边界所有权问题提供了一种解决方案。由于反应扩散方程定义了一个场，因此可以定义局部场电位可能的信息处理作用。我们认为，这样的场也是格式塔闭合概念的基础，特别是当使用现代实验技术对其进行细化时。这一理论论证的一个重要含义是，如果这是真的，那么网络建模必须扩展到包括围绕尖峰神经元的基质，包括神经胶质细胞。
