Nebert D W
Mol Cell Biochem. 1979 Sep 28;27(1):27-46. doi: 10.1007/BF00849277.
All organisms possess a number of genetically regulated mechanisms in order to cope with rapid adverse changes in the environment. The two systems which appear to respond to a seemingly endless array of chemical specificities are the immune response and the induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes. Similarities and differences between the immunoglobulin and the cytochrome P-450-mediated monooxygenase systems are described. DNA insertion sequences, plasmid "transposons," maize "controlling elements," gene duplication, intervening sequences, and high-frequency intergenic recombination are all discussed as possible methods by which organisms can "adapt" quickly to a new selective pressure. If the regulation of P-450 induction resembles in any way the other methods by which pro- and eukaryotes cope genetically with numerous forms of environmental adversity, therefore, it is very likely that mammalian tissues contain hundreds, if not thousands, of inducible forms of P-450.
所有生物体都拥有一些基因调控机制，以便应对环境中迅速出现的不利变化。似乎能对一系列看似无穷无尽的化学特异性做出反应的两个系统是免疫反应和药物代谢酶的诱导。文中描述了免疫球蛋白和细胞色素P - 450介导的单加氧酶系统之间的异同。DNA插入序列、质粒“转座子”、玉米“控制元件”、基因复制、间隔序列和高频基因间重组都被作为生物体能够快速“适应”新选择压力的可能方式进行了讨论。因此，如果P - 450诱导的调控在任何方面类似于原核生物和真核生物在基因上应对多种形式环境逆境的其他方式，那么哺乳动物组织很可能含有数百种（即便不是数千种）可诱导形式的P - 450。
