Mück K, Streit S, Steger F, Mayr K, Karg V
Austrian Research Centre Seibersdorf.
Health Phys. 1990 Jan;58(1):47-58. doi: 10.1097/00004032-199001000-00006.
In order to estimate the contribution of 90Sr to the exposure of the Austrian population, the ratio of 90Sr to 137Cs in 126 food samples and nine drinking water samples was determined. From this and the average activity concentration of 137Cs in each type of food as obtained by the measurement of some 100,000 food samples after the Chernobyl accident, a good estimate of the average activity concentration of 90Sr in these food items could be obtained. Samples were investigated at various times after the accident to take into account possible changes with time in the 90Sr-activity concentration and its ratio to 137Cs. Also, pre-Chernobyl samples were measured to estimate the relative contribution of the reactor accident and the fallout of the atomic bomb testing to the intake of 90Sr. Assuming average food consumption, the intake of 90Sr for an adult person amounted to 168 Bq in the first year and 115 Bq in the second year after the accident, resulting in an effective dose equivalent of 5.9 muSv and 4.0 muSv, respectively. This is a minor fraction of the dose due to the ingestion of Cs isotopes, which amounted to 360 muSv in the first year and 97 muSv in the second year. For the one-year-old infant, a 90Sr intake of 96 Bq (10.5 muSv) in the first year and 65 Bq (7.1 muSv) in the second year is estimated. Approximately 50% of the intake in the first year and 70% of that in the second year are due to 90Sr from nuclear weapons testing.
为了估算⁹⁰Sr对奥地利人群暴露剂量的贡献，测定了126份食品样本和9份饮用水样本中⁹⁰Sr与¹³⁷Cs的比值。根据此比值以及切尔诺贝利事故后对约100,000份食品样本测量得到的每种食品中¹³⁷Cs的平均活度浓度，能够很好地估算出这些食品中⁹⁰Sr的平均活度浓度。在事故后的不同时间对样本进行了调查，以考虑⁹⁰Sr活度浓度及其与¹³⁷Cs的比值随时间可能发生的变化。此外，还测量了切尔诺贝利事故前的样本，以估算反应堆事故和原子弹试验沉降物对⁹⁰Sr摄入量的相对贡献。假设平均食物消费量，事故后第一年成人摄入的⁹⁰Sr量为168贝克勒尔，第二年为115贝克勒尔，分别导致有效剂量当量为5.9微希沃特和4.0微希沃特。这只是因摄入铯同位素所产生剂量的一小部分，铯同位素在第一年的剂量为360微希沃特，第二年为97微希沃特。对于一岁婴儿，估计第一年摄入⁹⁰Sr量为96贝克勒尔（10.5微希沃特），第二年为65贝克勒尔（7.1微希沃特）。第一年摄入量的约50%和第二年摄入量的70%来自核武器试验产生的⁹⁰Sr。
